The Paris Agreement on Climate Change is a ground-breaking international treaty that aims to limit the world’s temperature increase to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. The agreement commits nations to reducing their greenhouse gas emissions and sets a framework for nations to create and submit Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) every five years. These NDCs are pledges by countries outlining their targets for reducing emissions.

The Paris Agreement recognizes the principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR), which means that developed countries have a greater responsibility to take action on climate change as they have been historically responsible for majority of the emissions. However, the agreement also acknowledges that developing countries also need to do their part to reduce emissions.

The NDCs submitted by countries are an essential element of the Paris Agreement. Each country sets its own goals, targets, and strategies for mitigating and adapting to climate change. The aim of the NDCs is to ensure that every country is taking action to reduce its emissions and contribute to the global effort to combat climate change.

The NDCs are intended to be ambitious and transparent, providing a clear indication of each country’s intended contribution to the global effort to combat climate change. They are also expected to be updated every five years, with countries expected to increase their ambition in each subsequent update. This process of increasing ambition is critical to achieving the goal of limiting global temperature rise to well below 2 degrees Celsius.

The Paris Agreement also offers support for developing countries to help them transition towards a low-carbon economy and tackle climate change. Developed countries are expected to provide financial and technical assistance to developing countries to help them meet their NDC targets. The Paris Agreement also includes provisions for capacity building and technology transfer to help developing countries build their capabilities for reducing emissions.

In conclusion, the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement are essential for achieving the global goal of limiting global temperature rise. The NDCs are submitted by each country outlining its goals, targets, and strategies for mitigating and adapting to climate change. The Paris Agreement recognizes that all countries have a role to play in tackling climate change, and the NDCs provide a clear indication of each country’s contribution to this global effort. The process of increasing ambition every five years is critical to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement. It is essential that all countries work together to achieve the ambitious targets set by the Paris Agreement, to ensure a sustainable future for all.